A Study Of Fixed Drug Eruption: Single Center Analysis From Central India

Background: Fixed drug eruption is a common cutaneous adverse drug reaction which is characterised by sharply demarcated skin lesions with recurrences at the same site with each subsequent exposure to the culprit drug. The causative drugs for fixed drug eruption (FDE) in any population changes depend on many factors. The knowledge of peculiar clinical features of FDE helps the treating physician to recognise at early stage and avoidance of mismanagement of such cases. Material and method:In this context, we did a descriptive-analytical study of patients who were diagnosed with FDE in single center between Feb 2013 to Sep 2017 from central India. Results: Ninety seven patients who developed FDE were studied in the study with 65% males and 35% females. Mean age at presentation in males and females were 34.95±16.90 and 37.12±12.98 years, respectively. Multiple lesions were present in 80.4% of patients. Seventy four percent of patients gave the history of prior episodes. In 68% patients, symptoms started and lesions developed within <24 hours of the drug exposure. Mucosal lesions were seen in 46.4% and skin lesions (non-mucosal) were seen in 36.1% and in rest 17.5% patients both mucosal and skin lesions were present. Antibiotics and NSAIDS were the most common group of medications to cause FDE. Thirty two percent of patients were caused by Fixed Dose Combinations of antibiotics and anti-protozoals. Conclusion: In conclusion, FDE is a common acute cutaneous drug eruption that if not diagnosed timely leads not only to recurrences but also causes apprehension and morbidity.

Body composition in healthy obese/overweight and normal weight subjects compared to patients with metabolic syndrome

Background: According to previous studies, patient with metabolic syndrome [MetS] are different in terms of body composition from healthy subjects. The purpose of the present study was to determine the body composition of healthy obese/overweight patients and compared them with those having MetS

Methods: A case-control study was conducted on both men and women aged 20 to 55 years, who were selected using sequential sampling method, based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, from those referred to an endocrinology and the diabetes clinic affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. One hundred and forty seven subjects were enrolled in the study and divided into three groups, including 49 with MetS, 49 obese/overweight subjects without MetS, and 49 were normal weight subjects. Body composition was measured for all subjects using bioelectrical impedance analysis. NCEP ATP III was the criterion for definition of Mets

Results: No significant differences were found between the study groups in terms of demographic variables. The mean of the waist circumference [WC] was higher in MetS patients [P < 0.05] as compared with the control groups. Obese/overweight group had higher percentage of body fat and lower fat free mass than normal weight group [P < 0.05]

Conclusion: Obese/overweight patients with and without MetS had significantly higher fat mass and WC than normal weight controls, while only WC was higher in MetS group as compared with obese/overweight patients without MetS. Therefore, reduction in body fat and WC should be emphasized in patients with MetS

Decomposing economic disparities in risky sexual behaviors among people who inject drugs in Tehran: Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition analysis / 한국역학회지

OBJECTIVES: To our knowledge, no previous study has systematically assessed the role of economic status in risky sexual behavior among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Iran. In this study, we used Blinder-Oaxaca (BO) decomposition to explore the contribution of economic status to inequality in unprotected sex among PWID in Tehran and to decompose it into its determinants. METHODS: Behavioral surveys among PWID were conducted in Tehran, the capital city of Iran, from November 2016 to April 2017. We employed a cross-sectional design and snowball sampling methodology. We constructed the asset index (weighted by the first principal component analysis factor) using socioeconomic data and then divided the variable into 3 tertiles. We used the BO method to decompose the economic inequality in unprotected sex. RESULTS: Of the 520 recruited individuals, 20 were missing data for variables used to define their economic status, and were therefore excluded from the analysis. Not having access to harm reduction programs was the largest factor contributing to the economic disparity in unprotected sex, accounting for 5.5 percentage points of the 21.4% discrepancy. Of the unadjusted total economic disparity in unprotected sex, 52% was unexplained by observable characteristics included in the regression model. The difference in the prevalence of unprotected sex between the high-income and low-income groups was 25%. CONCLUSIONS: Increasing needle syringe program coverage and improving human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) knowledge are essential for efforts to eliminate inequalities in HIV risk behaviors among PWID.

Decomposing economic disparities in risky sexual behaviors among people who inject drugs in Tehran: Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition analysis / 한국역학회지

OBJECTIVES: To our knowledge, no previous study has systematically assessed the role of economic status in risky sexual behavior among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Iran. In this study, we used Blinder-Oaxaca (BO) decomposition to explore the contribution of economic status to inequality in unprotected sex among PWID in Tehran and to decompose it into its determinants.METHODS: Behavioral surveys among PWID were conducted in Tehran, the capital city of Iran, from November 2016 to April 2017. We employed a cross-sectional design and snowball sampling methodology. We constructed the asset index (weighted by the first principal component analysis factor) using socioeconomic data and then divided the variable into 3 tertiles. We used the BO method to decompose the economic inequality in unprotected sex.RESULTS: Of the 520 recruited individuals, 20 were missing data for variables used to define their economic status, and were therefore excluded from the analysis. Not having access to harm reduction programs was the largest factor contributing to the economic disparity in unprotected sex, accounting for 5.5 percentage points of the 21.4% discrepancy. Of the unadjusted total economic disparity in unprotected sex, 52% was unexplained by observable characteristics included in the regression model. The difference in the prevalence of unprotected sex between the high-income and low-income groups was 25%.CONCLUSIONS: Increasing needle syringe program coverage and improving human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) knowledge are essential for efforts to eliminate inequalities in HIV risk behaviors among PWID.

Correlation between diet quality and metabolic syndrome

Background: The metabolic syndrome [MetS] is increasing with an alarming rate world wide. Since diet components' studies that focus on MetS have produced largely inconsistent results, assessing the whole diet than single nutrients on health can be more practical. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between diet quality and MetS components

Methods: This cross-sectional study included a total of 152 participants aged 20-55 years recruited from the endocrinology center of Tehran University of medical sciences. Dietary intake assessed by food frequency questionnaire [FFQ] was used to calculate healthy eating index 2010 [HEI-2010]. Body mass index [BMI], weight, height, waist circumference, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol [HDL-c], triglycerides [TG], fasting blood glucose [FBG], and blood pressure were measured

Results: In this study HEI mean score was 55.26. Based on HEI-2010 values, diet quality was good in 0.7% of participants, needed improvement in 55.9%, and was poor in 43.4% of cases. Diet quality [HEI] was significantly and linearly related with systolic and diastolic blood pressure, TG, and BMI [P < 0.05]

Conclusions: According to this study, low diet quality can be related to MetS components

Relation of healthy eating index with body composition parameters in Iranian adult

Background: Obesity as the excessive accumulation of adipose in adipocytes has still remained equivocal. Since diets contain many components to prevent from or promote diseases, assessing effects of the whole diet on health can be more practical. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between quality of diets through healthy eating index [HEI], and body composition parameters in Iranian adults

Methods: This cross-sectional study included a total of 138 participants in the age range of 20-55 years, who referred to Endocrinology Center of Tehran University of Medical Sciences to receive health care services and fulfilled the eligibility criteria to participate in this study. Food frequency questionnaire [FFQ] was used to calculate HEI scores. Body composition data included: Fat mass [FM], fat free mass [FFM], abdominal fat [AF], muscle mass [MM], and total body water [TBW] that were collected by bioelectrical impedance instrument

Results: In this study the mean HEI score was 55.26. Based on HEI-2010 values, diet quality was good in 0.7% of participants, needed improvement in 55.9%, and was poor in 43.4% of the cases. There were significant linear trends between quality of diets and body composition parameters [P < 0.05]

Conclusion: According to our study poor diet quality can be related to FM and obesity in Iranian adults

[ effect of exercise in elderly women's quality of life]

Disability in the elderly period is result of different factors which inactivity and incorrect use of muscle are the most trigger. Applying of activity programs can improve elderly women's quality of life. This study investigates the effect of exercise on elderly women quality of life in jahandidegan club foundation in 2007. This study is a quasi - experimental research that was carried out in jahandidegan club foundation for elderly women, in 2007. Population of this study was 400 elderly women which of this numbers 232 elderly women aged 60 - 79 years were allocated to two groups of experimental [n=116] and control [n =116] with randomized permuted block. Instrument for data collection was client demographic characteristics and leipad questionnaire. The client in experimental group received 30 minutes of exercise for 24 consecutive days during 6-7 mornings. Quality of life measured in both groups before and after intervention. Data were analyzed by use of chi - esquare, independent statistical test [T test], kolmogorov - smornov test, Mann Whitney test, pair t-test, wilcoxon and covariance analysis. Mean of quality of life before of exercise in experimental group was 70/60 and control group was 70/99. After exercise mean of quality of life in experimental group was 75/80 and control group was 70/64. Different between two group was significant in 95% level [p = 0/13]. According to the result, exercise was effective to increase elderly women quality of life levels, therefore it can be used as simple and complementary method for improving women elderly quality of life

Intrahepatic cholangiogastrostomy a safe palliation for unresectable hilar malignancies

Intrahepatic Cholangiogastrostomy is a modification of Longmire's procedure in which stomach instead of jejunum is used for the drainage of segment-II duct of liver. This operation was performed in 12 cases with locally advanced tumor, involving portahepatis, producing obstructive jaundice. In all cases, intrahepatic ducts of left and right lobes were dilated. All cases had prompt relief of jaundice. Gastroscopy was done in 8 cases, 6-8 weeks after surgery. There was no endoscopic evidence of gastritis. Ten patients have expired due to primary malignancy and remained an-icteric till death. One patient has been lost from follow up. One is alive and is free from jaundice. There was no operative mortality